tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-32523004814523696152024-03-13T04:55:41.328-07:00MACAM MACAMOII SEMUA MARI JOIN BLOGKU!!!!maxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3252300481452369615.post-62888513172907603972010-04-04T23:57:00.000-07:002010-04-04T23:57:10.480-07:00KAUM BAJAU<b>Bajau</b> dan kumpulan yang sama telah menetap di pantai barat dan timur <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> sejak beberapa ratus tahun dan diiktiraf sebagai penduduk asli dan bumiputera terbesar di negeri Ѕabah ini. Mereka bekerja sebagai petani dan nelayan di persisiran pantai barat di samping menunggang kuda dan di pantai timur Ѕabah sebagai nelayan dan penyelam yang mahir.<br />
Orang Bajau merupakan penyelam dan pengutip hasil laut yang mahir. Mereka menggunakan cara penangkapan tradisional. Di pantai timur, mereka adalah nelayan yang tinggal di daerah Ѕemporna.Ďi Kota Belud, Papar, dan <a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tuaran&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Tuaran (tidak wujud)">Tuaran</a> mereka adalah nelayan, pesawah dan penternak serta bercucuk tanam. Bajau Кota Вelud juga mendapat gelaran “Koboi Sabah”.Ιni kerana Bajau sudah lama terkenal dengan penunggang <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuda" title="Kuda">kuda</a>,penyelam mahir,pengutip hasil laut dan pesawah serta penternak.<br />
Orang Bajau boleh dibahagikan kepada Bajau Pantai Barat (Putatan, Tuaran, Kota Belud) dan Bajau Pantai Τimur Κudat,Ѕandakan,Ĺahad Ďatu,Κunak,Šemporna dan Ṭawau. (Pantai Timur).<br />
Bajau Pantai Вarat adalah berbeza dengan Bajau Рantai timur khususnya daerah Ľahad Ďatu dan Semporna. Dari segi pertuturan, pakaian tradisi,adat resam dan budaya hidup adalah sangat berbeza. Bajau Pantai Darat banyak yang terlibat dengan pertanian sawah padi manakala Bajau Semporna terkenal dengan kegiatan <br />
<table class="toc" id="toc"><tbody>
<tr> <td> </td></tr>
</tbody></table><script type="text/javascript">
//<![CDATA[
if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "tunjuk"; var tocHideText = "sorok"; showTocToggle(); }
//]
</script>
<ul>
<li><a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kima&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kima (tidak wujud)">Kima</a></li>
</ul>Kima adalah nama sejenis kerang laut dan terdapat dalam beberapa spesis,
antaranya lapiran, kima bohe' dan sollot-sollot (bersaiz kecil dan menyelit di
celah-celah permukaan batu). Kima dijadikan lauk dalam makanan tradisi Orang
Bajau. Kima ini boleh dimakan mentah-mentah (inta') setelah dihiris atau
dipotong kecil-kecil dan dicampur dengan air limau dan lada serta rempah-ratus
yang lain mengikut selera orang yang hendak makan. Ia juga boleh dimasak bersama
sayur. Ada juga kima yang dikeringkan di bawah sinar matahari dan biasanya ia
dimasak bersama sayur.
<ul>
<li><a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sagol/%D0%85enagol&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sagol/Ѕenagol (tidak wujud)">Sagol/Ѕenagol</a></li>
</ul>Sagol/Ѕenagol(Kata Kerja) bermaksud mencampuradukkan. Sagol/Ѕenagol juga
mempunyai makna Kata Nama iaitu 'benda yang dicampuradukkan'. Secara khusus ia
merujuk kepada sejenis masakan tradisional yang menggunakan isi ikan (biasanya
ikan pari, ikan yu dan ikan buntal, secara umumnya ikan yang mempunyai hati yang
besar) yang dicincang-cincang dan dimasak dengan kunyit. Untuk membuat sagol,
ikan yu, pari atau buntal dicelur dahulu sehingga mudah membersihkan 'langnges'
iaitu lapisan kasar pada kulit yu dan pari, atau 'iting' iaitu 'duri' pada ikan
buntal. Mencelur (masak separuh masak) ini juga dilakukan untuk memudahkan isi
ikan dihancurkan dan dicampur dengan kunyit yang telah dipipis.
Ada dua jenis masakan sagol/Ѕsenagol iaitu sagol/Ѕenagol kering (tiada kuah)
dan sagol/Ѕenagol basah (berkuah). Untuk mendapatkan rasa sebenar sagol/senagol,
biasanya tidak menggunakan minyak makan tetapi menggunakan minyak hati ikan yang
disagol itu, iaitu sama ada minyak hati ikan pari, atau minyak hati ikan yu atau
minyak hati ikan buntal.
<ul>
<li><a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Putu&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Putu (tidak wujud)">Putu</a></li>
</ul>Makanan yang berupa ubi kayu yang diparut dan telah diperah airnya lalu
dimasak secara stim. Lazimnya, Putu dimakan bersama <a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sagol&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sagol (tidak wujud)">Sagol</a>,
<a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kima&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kima (tidak wujud)">Kima</a>,
<a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tehek-tehek&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Tehek-tehek (tidak wujud)">Tehek-tehek</a>,Тayum
dan beberapa makanan Tradisional Bajau yang lain (Selalunya makanan laut)
<ul>
<li><a class="new" href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tompe%27/%D0%A2inompeh&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Tompe'/Тinompeh (tidak wujud)">Tompe'/Тinompeh</a></li>
</ul>Makanan yang berupa ubi kayu yang diparut dan telah diperah airnya. Ia <br />
kemudiannya digoreng tanpa minyak di dalam kuali, sehingga berwarna <br />
kekuning-kuningan.<br />
Secara umumnya, makanan tradisional masyarakat Bajau adalah makanan laut dan <br />
makanan ubi-ubian dan tanaman huma yang lain. Makanan tradisi orang Bajau boleh <br />
dibahagikan kepada dua jenis utama iaitu makanan yang dimasak dan makanan yang <br />
dimakan mentah (inta'an). Makanan yang dimasak sama ada direbus, digoreng, <br />
dibakar dan dipanggang. Lazimnya, intaan (makanan mentah) terdiri daripada <br />
makanan laut seperti 'ballog-ballog', 'bantunan', tehe'-tehe', tayum, kilau, <br />
baat atau timun laut, lato', kima,tehe-tehe kabboggan atau nasi putih direbus <br />
dengan isi tehe tehe dalam cangkerang tehe-tehe dan sebagainya.<br />
<br />
<br />
CEWEK BAJAU MEMANG CANTIK :-)maxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3252300481452369615.post-25395803340935299732010-04-04T23:26:00.000-07:002010-04-04T23:26:59.754-07:00PRORAT V1.9<div style="text-align: center;"><span class="style13">ProRat is a Remote Administrator Tool, which is owned to ProGroup. All ProGroup members has labor in creating ProRat and in the course of time it has been purified to it's bugs by testers of ProRat and it has been developed for the best. In time the development will continue. The most active members in Pro Group's are </span><span class="style4">HighLAndeR</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">ATmaCA</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">JuDGeHaCKeR</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">DiVeR</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">Gurol400</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">Criminal2</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">Sirnight</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">Oktay</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">Çol_Kartali</span><span class="style13"> - </span><span class="style4">LaTiNo</span><span class="style13"> -</span><span class="style4"> RoNiN</span><span class="style13"> ve </span><span class="style4">Dogan</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_YnUz10DV-OY/S7mAP9vdcSI/AAAAAAAAABc/SpizGCLqRbc/s1600/prorat%2Bconnected.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_YnUz10DV-OY/S7mAP9vdcSI/AAAAAAAAABc/SpizGCLqRbc/s320/prorat%2Bconnected.jpg" /></a></div><div class="style4" style="text-align: left;">ProRat has been written in C++. Server and client can work on all of popular windows operating systems. Normal Server, Downloader Server, ProConnective, CGI Victim List, Help etc... Can also be created with using the client.We call "victim" for users who are infected with server because victim is a stereotyped word for who are infected with a server, however it is a comic state, of course in the past also we were a victims.</div><div class="style4">With ProRat's functions, it may seem perfect but we don't intend you to enter someone's computer and harm them.ProRat's aim is to let you remote control your own computer and learn how a Trojan works.</div><div class="style4">So you can have learn how important security is and also what a real Trojan can do in your computer.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_YnUz10DV-OY/S7mCNYgEwII/AAAAAAAAABk/JoFl6uL7RGI/s1600/hacked-computer-june08.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_YnUz10DV-OY/S7mCNYgEwII/AAAAAAAAABk/JoFl6uL7RGI/s320/hacked-computer-june08.jpg" /></a></div><div class="style4">We tried to make ProRat to give users full access, but anybody can use ProRat maliciously so we added a ProRat server cleaner in the client. ProRat server client doesn't need a connection or a password to clean the server from your local PC.</div><div class="style4"><br />
</div><div class="style4"><br />
</div><div class="style4"><br />
</div><div class="style4"> IF YOU WANT HACKING SOME PC..FORGET ABOUT IT...TURN OFF YOUR PC AND DO SOME ACTIVITES WHICH ARE POSITIVE TO YOU !</div><div class="style4"><br />
</div><div class="style4"><br />
</div><div class="style4"><br />
</div><div class="style4"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="style4"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="style4"> </span></div>maxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3252300481452369615.post-71385797319924237512010-04-04T22:51:00.001-07:002010-04-04T22:51:36.700-07:00FITNAHTahukah anda apakah yang dimaksudkan 'fitnah'....? ..dari saya yang kerdil ini<br />
berpendapat ianya berkaitan dengan satu berita atau cerita dari seseorang yang<br />
busuk hati melihat kelebihan orang lain yang mana cerita atau berita itu adalah<br />
palsu semata-mata dan ianya mempunyai tujuan yang jahat serta busuk lagi<br />
membusukkan.. samada untuk menjatuhkan maruah individu atau image sesebuah<br />
organisasi ataupun sesebuah<br />
negeri mahupun negara seterusnya bangsa dan agama. ..dari pengetahuan yang<br />
cetek ini, dapat saya rumuskan bahawa orang-orang yang mempunyai kepentingan<br />
tersirat sahaja yang cuba menabur fitnah untuk menutup kelemahan diri<br />
sendiri......... ..di sini ingin saya bertanya kepada anda semua.. apakah kita<br />
selama ini mempunyai kepentingan sekiranya kita dicap sebagai 'pembuat<br />
fitnah'... adakah dengan jatuh kerajaan sekarang maka kita sebagai rakyat biasa<br />
akan dapat kontrak atau tender untuk suku-sakat atau kroni kita.. bagi saya<br />
TIDAK..<br />
<br />
Tetapi mengapa kita mengambil tindakan sebegini ...saya bertanggapan bahawa<br />
tidak ada mana-mana saluran yang sudi 'mendengar'pandangan kita yang tidak<br />
berkiblatkan kepada kerajaan.... bukan bermakna kita bencikan kerajaan tetapi<br />
kurang senang dengan cara pemimpinnya 'melayani' kita selama ini.. seolah-olah<br />
negara kita kini bapa mereka yang punya... hasil dan harta boleh diwarisi<br />
sewenang-wenangnya.... APAKAH KITA KOLOT... TAK EDUCATED LANGSUNG... adakah kita<br />
menganggap bahawa tanpa mereka (UMNO)maka malaysia akan mundur.... adakah semua<br />
kakitangan kerajaan akan meletak jawatan sekiranya kerajaan sekarang TUMBANG..<br />
pemimpin hanyalah membuat dasar tetapi para ahli ekonomi serta cerdik pandai<br />
yang bersusah payah untuk memajukan negara kita... .percayalah TANPA UMNO,<br />
malaysia pasti lebih berjaya.... .......... berbalik kepada isu fitnah itu<br />
tadi..sebagai contoh samada anda masih ingat atau sengaja dilupakan.....<br />
bagaimana PM menuduh atau membuat FITNAH dengan menyatakan mata DSAI !<br />
yang tercedera adalah disebabkan perbuatannya sendiri untuk menagih simpati<br />
rakyat.... tetapi selepas suruhan diraja menyiasat walaupun ada yang sangsi,<br />
mendapati bahawa 'orang kuat 'PDRM yang punya angkara.... mana asasnya tuduhan<br />
PM ...<br />
<br />
1)DSAI dituduh melanggan pelacur.... kenapa digugurkan tuduhan itu kalau ianya<br />
bukan fitnah.<br />
<br />
2)DSAI dituduh liwat, kuat seks dan seumpama dengannya.... kenapa last minute<br />
gugurkan kes ini<br />
<br />
3) DATO' ISHAK BAHAROM (bekas mufti)..... kenapa ia difitnah bahawa kontraknya<br />
tidak disambung walhal kontraknya baru sahaja disambung pada ketika itu..bukan<br />
kerana kerajaan membela ratu cantik mereka...<br />
<br />
4)USTAZ KAMAL ASHAARI... ..kenapa menamatkan perkhidmatannya.... adakah kerana<br />
kes mayat menjadi khinzir atau babi (istilah sekarang..nak<br />
hapuskan image DSAI) ATAUPUN pembongkarannya tentang kegagalan kerajaan<br />
menanggani kes MURTAD.. ...kalau saya list down FITNAH-FITNAH umno tentulah<br />
mengambil masa..banyakkkkk tapi sekadar mengingati bahawa fitnah mereka amat<br />
dahsyat...MEDIA ELEKTRONIK DAN MEDIA CETAK diperkudakan.....mana ada saluran<br />
kita.....HARAKAH..itupun sudah berapa kali DATO' HISHAMUDIN YAHYA dipanggil ke<br />
KDN untuk diberi 'katadua'......<br />
<br />
.........kalaulah semua menganggap bahawa laman 'Sedarlah' pun sebagai saluran<br />
fitnah... tak tahulah saya apa yang terjadi kepada pemikiran (otak) mahupun<br />
negara kita.... ataupun kes-kes yang saya sebutkan tadi terkena kepada kita<br />
ataupun saudara kita..barulah kita bangun memberontak sekiranya undang-undang<br />
yang ada tak dapat melindungi kita sebagai contoh Sekiranya adik ataupun isteri<br />
kita dilarikan untuk dijadikan gundik mereka dan dibicarakan secara tidak adil<br />
disebabkan orang itu adalah orang yang rapat dengan pemimpin umno,ia<br />
dibebaskan.... apa reaksi anda....tentunya anda juga akan membelakangkan<br />
undang-undang ini untuk mendapatkan 'hak' anda........ataupun anda akan<br />
berkata.. biarkan.. biarkan...kita tidak ada kuasa.....<br />
<br />
....MEMANGLAH kita sedari ada segelintir pelanggan Sedarlah yang merupakan mush<br />
dalam selimut yang mengambil kesempatan untuk memecahbelahkan apa yang terjalin<br />
selama ini.....tetapi kenapa kita mudah dipengaruhi........mana semangat kental<br />
anda.....mana semangat jihad anda.....<br />
<br />
......KEPADA 'SEDARLAH' sesungguhnya kita telah dapat membezakan antara musuh,<br />
sahabat kedai kopi ataupun sahabat sejati sepertimana yang ditunjukkan oleh para<br />
sahabat Rasullah saw....berwaspadalah....... RENUNGKANLAH sekira ada kebaikan<br />
ianya untuk kebaikan bersama..dan sekiranya ada keburukan itulah adalah<br />
kelemahan saya semata-mata....sesungguhlah ALLAH suka kepada kebaikan ....sebab<br />
itu sekira ada kebaikan ianya datang dari ALLAH tetapi kesalahan itu datangnya<br />
dari saya yang perlukan nasihat dati anda.<br />
<br />
wassalam..idamkan negara ISLAM....bukan negara rakyat islam...maxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3252300481452369615.post-8724232132066268182010-04-04T21:24:00.001-07:002010-04-04T21:24:52.291-07:00BURUK SANGKA<h3 class="date-header">Sunday, June 24, 2007</h3><!-- Begin .post --> <img align="middle" border="0" src="http://i16.photobucket.com/albums/b13/fauzy_fx86/blogceria/07-Video.jpg" /> <a href="" name="483630501856807542"></a> <h3 class="post-title"> Buruk Sangka </h3><div class="post-body"> <br />
Buruk sangka adalah satu dari penyakit hati yang amat kronik. Ia bukan sahaja menjarah dengan parah hati dan jiwa pengidapnya, tetapu turut lahir tersendiri, malah ia lahir bersama dengan sifat-sifat mazmumah yang bongkak, dendam, zalim dan sebagainya. Apabila sifat tersebut meneraju dan memacu kehidupan seseorang insan, ia akan menjadi manusia yang sentiasa resah, gelisah dan tidak tenteram, kerana sentiasa mecari keaiban dan kelemahan orang lain, tidak punya masa untuk mengingati Allah s.w.t.. Buruk sangka yang dimaksudkan disini ialah buruk sangka yang tidak baik. Ia mengheret sifat2 mazmumah yang bersarang dihati, yang akan mempengaruhi anggota-anggota badan yang lain supaya mengikut kehendaknya.<br />
Rasulullah s.a.w. dalam sebuah hadisnya menyatakan : <em><strong>"Ketahuilah bahawa didalam badan ada seketul daging, apabila ia baik, baiklah badan seluruhnya dan apabila ia rosak, rosaklah sekaliannya, ketahuilah! Itulah yang dikatakan hati"</strong></em><br />
Riwayat Al-Bukhari Muslim<span class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble smarterwiki-popup-bubble-active" style="margin-left: -51px; margin-top: -57px; opacity: 0.25;"><span class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-body"><span class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-links smarterwiki-clearfix"><span class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-links-row smarterwiki-clearfix"><a class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link" href="http://search.twitter.com/search?q=Sunday%2C%20June%2024%2C%202007%0D%0ABuruk%20Sangka%0D%0A%0D%0ABuruk%20sangka%20adalah%20satu%20dari%20penyakit%20hati%20yang%20amat%20kronik.%20Ia%20bukan%20sahaja%20menjarah%20dengan%20parah%20hati%20dan%20jiwa%20pengidapnya%2C%20tetapu%20turut%20lahir%20tersendiri%2C%20malah%20ia%20lahir%20bersama%20dengan%20sifat-sifat%20mazmumah%20yang%20bongkak%2C%20dendam%2C%20zalim%20dan%20sebagainya.%20Apabila%20sifat%20tersebut%20meneraju%20dan%20memacu%20kehidupan%20seseorang%20insan%2C%20ia%20akan%20menjadi%20manusia%20yang%20sentiasa%20resah%2C%20gelisah%20dan%20tidak%20tenteram%2C%20kerana%20sentiasa%20mecari%20keaiban%20dan%20kelemahan%20orang%20lain%2C%20tidak%20punya%20masa%20untuk%20mengingati%20Allah%20s.w.t..%20Buruk%20sangka%20yang%20dimaksudkan%20disini%20ialah%20buruk%20sangka%20yang%20tidak%20baik.%20Ia%20mengheret%20sifat2%20mazmumah%20yang%20bersarang%20dihati%2C%20yang%20akan%20mempengaruhi%20anggota-anggota%20badan%20yang%20lain%20supaya%20mengikut%20kehendaknya.%0D%0ARasulullah%20s.a.w.%20dalam%20sebuah%20hadisnya%20menyatakan%20%3A%20%22Ketahuilah%20bahawa%20didalam%20badan%20ada%20seketul%20daging%2C%20apabila%20ia%20baik%2C%20baiklah%20badan%20seluruhnya%20dan%20apabila%20ia%20rosak%2C%20rosaklah%20sekaliannya%2C%20ketahuilah%21%20Itulah%20yang%20dikatakan%20hati%22%0D%0ARiwayat%20Al-Bukhari%20Muslim" target="_blank" title="Search Twitter"><img alt="" class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link-favicon" src="http://twitter.com/favicon.ico" /></a><a class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=Sunday%2C%20June%2024%2C%202007%0D%0ABuruk%20Sangka%0D%0A%0D%0ABuruk%20sangka%20adalah%20satu%20dari%20penyakit%20hati%20yang%20amat%20kronik.%20Ia%20bukan%20sahaja%20menjarah%20dengan%20parah%20hati%20dan%20jiwa%20pengidapnya%2C%20tetapu%20turut%20lahir%20tersendiri%2C%20malah%20ia%20lahir%20bersama%20dengan%20sifat-sifat%20mazmumah%20yang%20bongkak%2C%20dendam%2C%20zalim%20dan%20sebagainya.%20Apabila%20sifat%20tersebut%20meneraju%20dan%20memacu%20kehidupan%20seseorang%20insan%2C%20ia%20akan%20menjadi%20manusia%20yang%20sentiasa%20resah%2C%20gelisah%20dan%20tidak%20tenteram%2C%20kerana%20sentiasa%20mecari%20keaiban%20dan%20kelemahan%20orang%20lain%2C%20tidak%20punya%20masa%20untuk%20mengingati%20Allah%20s.w.t..%20Buruk%20sangka%20yang%20dimaksudkan%20disini%20ialah%20buruk%20sangka%20yang%20tidak%20baik.%20Ia%20mengheret%20sifat2%20mazmumah%20yang%20bersarang%20dihati%2C%20yang%20akan%20mempengaruhi%20anggota-anggota%20badan%20yang%20lain%20supaya%20mengikut%20kehendaknya.%0D%0ARasulullah%20s.a.w.%20dalam%20sebuah%20hadisnya%20menyatakan%20%3A%20%22Ketahuilah%20bahawa%20didalam%20badan%20ada%20seketul%20daging%2C%20apabila%20ia%20baik%2C%20baiklah%20badan%20seluruhnya%20dan%20apabila%20ia%20rosak%2C%20rosaklah%20sekaliannya%2C%20ketahuilah%21%20Itulah%20yang%20dikatakan%20hati%22%0D%0ARiwayat%20Al-Bukhari%20Muslim" target="_blank" title="Search Google"><img alt="" class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link-favicon" src="http://www.google.com/favicon.ico" /></a></span><span class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-links-row smarterwiki-clearfix"><a class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link" href="http://smarterfox.com/wikisearch/search?q=Sunday%2C%20June%2024%2C%202007%0D%0ABuruk%20Sangka%0D%0A%0D%0ABuruk%20sangka%20adalah%20satu%20dari%20penyakit%20hati%20yang%20amat%20kronik.%20Ia%20bukan%20sahaja%20menjarah%20dengan%20parah%20hati%20dan%20jiwa%20pengidapnya%2C%20tetapu%20turut%20lahir%20tersendiri%2C%20malah%20ia%20lahir%20bersama%20dengan%20sifat-sifat%20mazmumah%20yang%20bongkak%2C%20dendam%2C%20zalim%20dan%20sebagainya.%20Apabila%20sifat%20tersebut%20meneraju%20dan%20memacu%20kehidupan%20seseorang%20insan%2C%20ia%20akan%20menjadi%20manusia%20yang%20sentiasa%20resah%2C%20gelisah%20dan%20tidak%20tenteram%2C%20kerana%20sentiasa%20mecari%20keaiban%20dan%20kelemahan%20orang%20lain%2C%20tidak%20punya%20masa%20untuk%20mengingati%20Allah%20s.w.t..%20Buruk%20sangka%20yang%20dimaksudkan%20disini%20ialah%20buruk%20sangka%20yang%20tidak%20baik.%20Ia%20mengheret%20sifat2%20mazmumah%20yang%20bersarang%20dihati%2C%20yang%20akan%20mempengaruhi%20anggota-anggota%20badan%20yang%20lain%20supaya%20mengikut%20kehendaknya.%0D%0ARasulullah%20s.a.w.%20dalam%20sebuah%20hadisnya%20menyatakan%20%3A%20%22Ketahuilah%20bahawa%20didalam%20badan%20ada%20seketul%20daging%2C%20apabila%20ia%20baik%2C%20baiklah%20badan%20seluruhnya%20dan%20apabila%20ia%20rosak%2C%20rosaklah%20sekaliannya%2C%20ketahuilah%21%20Itulah%20yang%20dikatakan%20hati%22%0D%0ARiwayat%20Al-Bukhari%20Muslim&locale=en-US" target="_blank" title="Search Wikipedia"><img alt="" class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link-favicon" src="http://static.smarterfox.com/media/wiki-favicon-sharpened.png" /></a><a class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link" href="http://www.oneriot.com/search?p=smarterfox&ssrc=smarterfox_popup_bubble&spid=8493c8f1-0b5b-4116-99fd-f0bcb0a3b602&q=Sunday%2C%20June%2024%2C%202007%0D%0ABuruk%20Sangka%0D%0A%0D%0ABuruk%20sangka%20adalah%20satu%20dari%20penyakit%20hati%20yang%20amat%20kronik.%20Ia%20bukan%20sahaja%20menjarah%20dengan%20parah%20hati%20dan%20jiwa%20pengidapnya%2C%20tetapu%20turut%20lahir%20tersendiri%2C%20malah%20ia%20lahir%20bersama%20dengan%20sifat-sifat%20mazmumah%20yang%20bongkak%2C%20dendam%2C%20zalim%20dan%20sebagainya.%20Apabila%20sifat%20tersebut%20meneraju%20dan%20memacu%20kehidupan%20seseorang%20insan%2C%20ia%20akan%20menjadi%20manusia%20yang%20sentiasa%20resah%2C%20gelisah%20dan%20tidak%20tenteram%2C%20kerana%20sentiasa%20mecari%20keaiban%20dan%20kelemahan%20orang%20lain%2C%20tidak%20punya%20masa%20untuk%20mengingati%20Allah%20s.w.t..%20Buruk%20sangka%20yang%20dimaksudkan%20disini%20ialah%20buruk%20sangka%20yang%20tidak%20baik.%20Ia%20mengheret%20sifat2%20mazmumah%20yang%20bersarang%20dihati%2C%20yang%20akan%20mempengaruhi%20anggota-anggota%20badan%20yang%20lain%20supaya%20mengikut%20kehendaknya.%0D%0ARasulullah%20s.a.w.%20dalam%20sebuah%20hadisnya%20menyatakan%20%3A%20%22Ketahuilah%20bahawa%20didalam%20badan%20ada%20seketul%20daging%2C%20apabila%20ia%20baik%2C%20baiklah%20badan%20seluruhnya%20dan%20apabila%20ia%20rosak%2C%20rosaklah%20sekaliannya%2C%20ketahuilah%21%20Itulah%20yang%20dikatakan%20hati%22%0D%0ARiwayat%20Al-Bukhari%20Muslim" target="_blank" title="Search OneRiot"><img alt="" class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-link-favicon" src="http://static.smarterfox.com/media/popup_bubble/oneriot-favicon.ico" /></a></span></span></span><span class="smarterwiki-popup-bubble-tip"></span></span><br />
Buruk sangka dibahagikan kepada 2 jenis<br />
1- Buruk sangka yang bertujuan baik, seperti untuk menyedar atau memperbaiki seseorang yang dikatakan melakukan kejahatan.<br />
2 - Buruk sangka yang bertujuan jahat demi untuk menjatuhkan maruah dan kedudukan seseorang. Walau apapun tujuannya, buruk sangka tetap memberikan impak yang negatif, jarang ada manusia yang terselamat dari terkena bahana prasangka. Dengan sebab itulah Islam sangat melarang dari berprasangka. </div><em></em>maxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3252300481452369615.post-69362643769788740762010-04-02T20:20:00.000-07:002010-04-02T20:20:11.099-07:00TROJAN HORSE<strong><span style="font-size: large;">Trojan Horse</span></strong><br />
Trojan horse atau kuda trojan adalah perisian yang digunakan untuk memperdayakan mangsa supaya memuat turunkan virus. Tidak ada siapa yang akan memuat turunkan virus atau worm dengan sengaja. Oleh itu tidak ada perisian yang mengandungi virus yang menamakan fail mereka “aku lah virus.exe”<br />
Kebanyakaannya menamakan perisian mereka nama yang kita tidak sangka yang ianya adalah virus .Sebagai contoh, macro virus yang terdapat didalam word kadangkala dihantar sebagai perisian permainan. Ini adalah seperti juga zaman penaklukan Rusia di Afganistan dimana bom dimasukkan kedalam anak patung atau permainan. Ianya akan meletup jika ianya digerakkanmaxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3252300481452369615.post-80287226016094604362010-04-02T08:16:00.000-07:002010-04-02T09:20:23.584-07:00THE MISERABLE OF 2008<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_YnUz10DV-OY/S7YMCiK-4LI/AAAAAAAAAA8/1kUkfZNzT10/s1600/worm_chomping_on_computer_hg_wht.gif"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_YnUz10DV-OY/S7YMCiK-4LI/AAAAAAAAAA8/1kUkfZNzT10/s320/worm_chomping_on_computer_hg_wht.gif" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5455561236278075570" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />hidup ini semakin sengsara apabila masalah yang lalu tidak dapat diselesaikan.semakin aku lupakan perkara itu,semakin kuat pula bayangan kisah lalu bermain di fikiran.whats happen to me???maxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3252300481452369615.post-39691490234987817012010-04-02T08:08:00.000-07:002010-04-02T10:19:27.209-07:00HACKING PC<h2 class="title" style="clear: both;">What Is a Hacker?</h2>The <a class="ulink" href="http://www.catb.org/jargon" target="_top">Jargon File</a> contains a bunch of definitions of the term ‘hacker’, most having to do with technical adeptness and a delight in solving problems and overcoming limits. If you want to know how to <span class="emphasis"><em>become</em></span> a hacker, though, only two are really relevant.<br />
There is a community, a shared culture, of expert programmers and networking wizards that traces its history back through decades to the first time-sharing minicomputers and the earliest ARPAnet experiments. The members of this culture originated the term ‘hacker’. Hackers built the Internet. Hackers made the Unix operating system what it is today. Hackers run Usenet. Hackers make the World Wide Web work. If you are part of this culture, if you have contributed to it and other people in it know who you are and call you a hacker, you're a hacker.<br />
The hacker mind-set is not confined to this software-hacker culture. There are people who apply the hacker attitude to other things, like electronics or music — actually, you can find it at the highest levels of any science or art. Software hackers recognize these kindred spirits elsewhere and may call them ‘hackers’ too — and some claim that the hacker nature is really independent of the particular medium the hacker works in. But in the rest of this document we will focus on the skills and attitudes of software hackers, and the traditions of the shared culture that originated the term ‘hacker’.<br />
There is another group of people who loudly call themselves hackers, but aren't. These are people (mainly adolescent males) who get a kick out of breaking into computers and phreaking the phone system. Real hackers call these people ‘crackers’ and want nothing to do with them. Real hackers mostly think crackers are lazy, irresponsible, and not very bright, and object that being able to break security doesn't make you a hacker any more than being able to hotwire cars makes you an automotive engineer. Unfortunately, many journalists and writers have been fooled into using the word ‘hacker’ to describe crackers; this irritates real hackers no end.<br />
The basic difference is this: hackers build things, crackers break them.<br />
If you want to be a hacker, keep reading. If you want to be a cracker, go read the <a class="ulink" href="news:alt.2600" target="_top">alt.2600</a> newsgroup and get ready to do five to ten in the slammer after finding out you aren't as smart as you think you are. And that's all I'm going to say about crackers.<br />
<div class="mediaobject"><img src="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/glider.png" /></div><div class="sect1" title="The Hacker Attitude"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both;">The Hacker Attitude</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><br />
<dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#believe1">1. The world is full of fascinating problems waiting to be solved.</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#believe2">2. No problem should ever have to be solved twice.</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#believe3">3. Boredom and drudgery are evil.</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#believe4">4. Freedom is good.</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#believe5">5. Attitude is no substitute for competence.</a></span></dt>
</dl></div>Hackers solve problems and build things, and they believe in freedom and voluntary mutual help. To be accepted as a hacker, you have to behave as though you have this kind of attitude yourself. And to behave as though you have the attitude, you have to really believe the attitude.<br />
But if you think of cultivating hacker attitudes as just a way to gain acceptance in the culture, you'll miss the point. Becoming the kind of person who believes these things is important for <span class="emphasis"><em>you</em></span> — for helping you learn and keeping you motivated. As with all creative arts, the most effective way to become a master is to imitate the mind-set of masters — not just intellectually but emotionally as well.<br />
Or, as the following modern Zen poem has it:<br />
<div class="literallayout"><br />
To follow the path:<br />
look to the master,<br />
follow the master,<br />
walk with the master,<br />
see through the master,<br />
become the master.<br />
</div>So, if you want to be a hacker, repeat the following things until you believe them:<br />
<div class="sect2" title="1. The world is full of
fascinating problems waiting to be solved."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">1. The world is full of fascinating problems waiting to be solved.</h3></div></div></div>Being a hacker is lots of fun, but it's a kind of fun that takes lots of effort. The effort takes motivation. Successful athletes get their motivation from a kind of physical delight in making their bodies perform, in pushing themselves past their own physical limits. Similarly, to be a hacker you have to get a basic thrill from solving problems, sharpening your skills, and exercising your intelligence.<br />
If you aren't the kind of person that feels this way naturally, you'll need to become one in order to make it as a hacker. Otherwise you'll find your hacking energy is sapped by distractions like sex, money, and social approval.<br />
(You also have to develop a kind of faith in your own learning capacity — a belief that even though you may not know all of what you need to solve a problem, if you tackle just a piece of it and learn from that, you'll learn enough to solve the next piece — and so on, until you're done.)</div><div class="sect2" title="2. No problem
should ever have to be solved twice."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">2. No problem should ever have to be solved twice.</h3></div></div></div>Creative brains are a valuable, limited resource. They shouldn't be wasted on re-inventing the wheel when there are so many fascinating new problems waiting out there.<br />
To behave like a hacker, you have to believe that the thinking time of other hackers is precious — so much so that it's almost a moral duty for you to share information, solve problems and then give the solutions away just so other hackers can solve <span class="emphasis"><em>new</em></span> problems instead of having to perpetually re-address old ones.<br />
Note, however, that "No problem should ever have to be solved twice." does not imply that you have to consider all existing solutions sacred, or that there is only one right solution to any given problem. Often, we learn a lot about the problem that we didn't know before by studying the first cut at a solution. It's OK, and often necessary, to decide that we can do better. What's not OK is artificial technical, legal, or institutional barriers (like closed-source code) that prevent a good solution from being re-used and <span class="emphasis"><em>force</em></span> people to re-invent wheels.<br />
(You don't have to believe that you're obligated to give <span class="emphasis"><em>all</em></span> your creative product away, though the hackers that do are the ones that get most respect from other hackers. It's consistent with hacker values to sell enough of it to keep you in food and rent and computers. It's fine to use your hacking skills to support a family or even get rich, as long as you don't forget your loyalty to your art and your fellow hackers while doing it.)</div><div class="sect2" title="3. Boredom and drudgery are evil."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">3. Boredom and drudgery are evil.</h3></div></div></div>Hackers (and creative people in general) should never be bored or have to drudge at stupid repetitive work, because when this happens it means they aren't doing what only they can do — solve new problems. This wastefulness hurts everybody. Therefore boredom and drudgery are not just unpleasant but actually evil.<br />
To behave like a hacker, you have to believe this enough to want to automate away the boring bits as much as possible, not just for yourself but for everybody else (especially other hackers).<br />
(There is one apparent exception to this. Hackers will sometimes do things that may seem repetitive or boring to an observer as a mind-clearing exercise, or in order to acquire a skill or have some particular kind of experience you can't have otherwise. But this is by choice — nobody who can think should ever be forced into a situation that bores them.)</div><div class="sect2" title="4.
Freedom is good."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">4. Freedom is good.</h3></div></div></div>Hackers are naturally anti-authoritarian. Anyone who can give you orders can stop you from solving whatever problem you're being fascinated by — and, given the way authoritarian minds work, will generally find some appallingly stupid reason to do so. So the authoritarian attitude has to be fought wherever you find it, lest it smother you and other hackers.<br />
(This isn't the same as fighting all authority. Children need to be guided and criminals restrained. A hacker may agree to accept some kinds of authority in order to get something he wants more than the time he spends following orders. But that's a limited, conscious bargain; the kind of personal surrender authoritarians want is not on offer.)<br />
Authoritarians thrive on censorship and secrecy. And they distrust voluntary cooperation and information-sharing — they only like ‘cooperation’ that they control. So to behave like a hacker, you have to develop an instinctive hostility to censorship, secrecy, and the use of force or deception to compel responsible adults. And you have to be willing to act on that belief.</div><div class="sect2" title="5. Attitude is no substitute
for competence."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">5. Attitude is no substitute for competence.</h3></div></div></div>To be a hacker, you have to develop some of these attitudes. But copping an attitude alone won't make you a hacker, any more than it will make you a champion athlete or a rock star. Becoming a hacker will take intelligence, practice, dedication, and hard work.<br />
Therefore, you have to learn to distrust attitude and respect competence of every kind. Hackers won't let posers waste their time, but they worship competence — especially competence at hacking, but competence at anything is valued. Competence at demanding skills that few can master is especially good, and competence at demanding skills that involve mental acuteness, craft, and concentration is best.<br />
If you revere competence, you'll enjoy developing it in yourself — the hard work and dedication will become a kind of intense play rather than drudgery. That attitude is vital to becoming a hacker.<br />
<div class="mediaobject"><img src="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/glider.png" /></div></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Basic Hacking Skills"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both;">Basic Hacking Skills</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><br />
<dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#skills1">1. Learn how to program.</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#skills2">2. Get one of the open-source Unixes and learn to use and run it.</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#skills3">3. Learn how to use the World Wide Web and write HTML.</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#skills4">4. If you don't have functional English, learn it.</a></span></dt>
</dl></div>The hacker attitude is vital, but skills are even more vital. Attitude is no substitute for competence, and there's a certain basic toolkit of skills which you have to have before any hacker will dream of calling you one.<br />
This toolkit changes slowly over time as technology creates new skills and makes old ones obsolete. For example, it used to include programming in machine language, and didn't until recently involve HTML. But right now it pretty clearly includes the following:<br />
<div class="sect2" title="1. Learn how to program."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">1. Learn how to program.</h3></div></div></div>This, of course, is the fundamental hacking skill. If you don't know any computer languages, I recommend starting with Python. It is cleanly designed, well documented, and relatively kind to beginners. Despite being a good first language, it is not just a toy; it is very powerful and flexible and well suited for large projects. I have written a more detailed <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=3882" target="_top">evaluation of Python</a>. Good <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.python.org/tut/tut.html" target="_top"> tutorials</a> are available at the <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.python.org/tutorial/" target="_top">Python web site</a>.<br />
I used to recommend Java as a good language to learn early, but <a class="ulink" href="http://www.stsc.hill.af.mil/CrossTalk/2008/01/0801DewarSchonberg.html" target="_top">this critique</a> has changed my mind (search for <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">The Pitfalls of Java as a First Programming Language</span>”</span> within it). A hacker cannot, as they devastatingly put it <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">approach problem-solving like a plumber in a hardware store</span>”</span>; you have to know what the components actually <span class="emphasis"><em>do</em></span>. Now I think it is probably best to learn C and Lisp first, then Java.<br />
There is perhaps a more general point here. If a language does too much for you, it may be simultaneously a good tool for production and a bad one for learning. It's not only languages that have this problem; web application frameworks like RubyOnRails, CakePHP, Django may make it too easy to reach a superficial sort of understanding that will leave you without resources when you have to tackle a hard problem, or even just debug the solution to an easy one.<br />
If you get into serious programming, you will have to learn C, the core language of Unix. C++ is very closely related to C; if you know one, learning the other will not be difficult. Neither language is a good one to try learning as your first, however. And, actually, the more you can avoid programming in C the more productive you will be.<br />
C is very efficient, and very sparing of your machine's resources. Unfortunately, C gets that efficiency by requiring you to do a lot of low-level management of resources (like memory) by hand. All that low-level code is complex and bug-prone, and will soak up huge amounts of your time on debugging. With today's machines as powerful as they are, this is usually a bad tradeoff — it's smarter to use a language that uses the machine's time less efficiently, but your time much <span class="emphasis"><em>more</em></span> efficiently. Thus, Python.<br />
Other languages of particular importance to hackers include <a class="ulink" href="http://www.perl.com/" target="_top">Perl</a> and <a class="ulink" href="http://www.lisp.org/" target="_top">LISP</a>. Perl is worth learning for practical reasons; it's very widely used for active web pages and system administration, so that even if you never write Perl you should learn to read it. Many people use Perl in the way I suggest you should use Python, to avoid C programming on jobs that don't require C's machine efficiency. You will need to be able to understand their code.<br />
LISP is worth learning for a different reason — the profound enlightenment experience you will have when you finally get it. That experience will make you a better programmer for the rest of your days, even if you never actually use LISP itself a lot. (You can get some beginning experience with LISP fairly easily by writing and modifying editing modes for the Emacs text editor, or Script-Fu plugins for the GIMP.)<br />
It's best, actually, to learn all five of Python, C/C++, Java, Perl, and LISP. Besides being the most important hacking languages, they represent very different approaches to programming, and each will educate you in valuable ways.<br />
But be aware that you won't reach the skill level of a hacker or even merely a programmer simply by accumulating languages — you need to learn how to think about programming problems in a general way, independent of any one language. To be a real hacker, you need to get to the point where you can learn a new language in days by relating what's in the manual to what you already know. This means you should learn several very different languages.<br />
I can't give complete instructions on how to learn to program here — it's a complex skill. But I can tell you that books and courses won't do it — many, maybe <span class="emphasis"><em>most</em></span> of the best hackers are self-taught. You can learn language features — bits of knowledge — from books, but the mind-set that makes that knowledge into living skill can be learned only by practice and apprenticeship. What will do it is (a) <span class="emphasis"><em>reading code</em></span> and (b) <span class="emphasis"><em>writing code</em></span>.<br />
Peter Norvig, who is one of Google's top hackers and the co-author of the most widely used textbook on AI, has written an excellent essay called <a class="ulink" href="http://norvig.com/21-days.html" target="_top">Teach Yourself Programming in Ten Years</a>. His "recipe for programming success" is worth careful attention.<br />
Learning to program is like learning to write good natural language. The best way to do it is to read some stuff written by masters of the form, write some things yourself, read a lot more, write a little more, read a lot more, write some more ... and repeat until your writing begins to develop the kind of strength and economy you see in your models.<br />
Finding good code to read used to be hard, because there were few large programs available in source for fledgeling hackers to read and tinker with. This has changed dramatically; open-source software, programming tools, and operating systems (all built by hackers) are now widely available. Which brings me neatly to our next topic...</div><div class="sect2" title="2. Get one of the open-source Unixes and learn to
use and run it."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">2. Get one of the open-source Unixes and learn to use and run it.</h3></div></div></div>I'll assume you have a personal computer or can get access to one. (Take a moment to appreciate how much that means. The hacker culture originally evolved back when computers were so expensive that individuals could not own them.) The single most important step any newbie can take toward acquiring hacker skills is to get a copy of Linux or one of the BSD-Unixes or OpenSolaris, install it on a personal machine, and run it.<br />
Yes, there are other operating systems in the world besides Unix. But they're distributed in binary — you can't read the code, and you can't modify it. Trying to learn to hack on a Microsoft Windows machine or under any other closed-source system is like trying to learn to dance while wearing a body cast.<br />
Under Mac OS X it's possible, but only part of the system is open source — you're likely to hit a lot of walls, and you have to be careful not to develop the bad habit of depending on Apple's proprietary code. If you concentrate on the Unix under the hood you can learn some useful things.<br />
Unix is the operating system of the Internet. While you can learn to use the Internet without knowing Unix, you can't be an Internet hacker without understanding Unix. For this reason, the hacker culture today is pretty strongly Unix-centered. (This wasn't always true, and some old-time hackers still aren't happy about it, but the symbiosis between Unix and the Internet has become strong enough that even Microsoft's muscle doesn't seem able to seriously dent it.)<br />
So, bring up a Unix — I like Linux myself but there are other ways (and yes, you <span class="emphasis"><em>can</em></span> run both Linux and Microsoft Windows on the same machine). Learn it. Run it. Tinker with it. Talk to the Internet with it. Read the code. Modify the code. You'll get better programming tools (including C, LISP, Python, and Perl) than any Microsoft operating system can dream of hosting, you'll have fun, and you'll soak up more knowledge than you realize you're learning until you look back on it as a master hacker.<br />
For more about learning Unix, see <a class="ulink" href="http://catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/loginataka.html" target="_top">The Loginataka</a>. You might also want to have a look at <a class="ulink" href="http://catb.org/%7Eesr/writings/taoup/" target="_top">The Art Of Unix Programming</a>.<br />
To get your hands on a Linux, see the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linux.org/" target="_top">Linux Online!</a> site; you can download from there or (better idea) find a local Linux user group to help you with installation.<br />
During the first ten years of this HOWTO's life, I reported that from a new user's point of view, all Linux distributions are almost equivalent. But in 2006-2007, an actual best choice emerged: <a class="ulink" href="http://www.ubuntu.com/" target="_top">Ubuntu</a>. While other distros have their own areas of strength, Ubuntu is far and away the most accessible to Linux newbies.<br />
You can find BSD Unix help and resources at <a class="ulink" href="http://www.bsd.org/" target="_top">www.bsd.org</a>.<br />
A good way to dip your toes in the water is to boot up what Linux fans call a <a class="ulink" href="http://www.livecdnews.com/" target="_top">live CD</a>, a distribution that runs entirely off a CD without having to modify your hard disk. This will be slow, because CDs are slow, but it's a way to get a look at the possibilities without having to do anything drastic.<br />
I have written a primer on the <a class="ulink" href="http://en.tldp.org/HOWTO/Unix-and-Internet-Fundamentals-HOWTO/index.html" target="_top">basics of Unix and the Internet</a>.<br />
I used to recommend against installing either Linux or BSD as a solo project if you're a newbie. Nowadays the installers have gotten good enough that doing it entirely on your own is possible, even for a newbie. Nevertheless, I still recommend making contact with your local Linux user's group and asking for help. It can't hurt, and may smooth the process.</div><div class="sect2" title="3. Learn how
to use the World Wide Web and write HTML."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">3. Learn how to use the World Wide Web and write HTML.</h3></div></div></div>Most of the things the hacker culture has built do their work out of sight, helping run factories and offices and universities without any obvious impact on how non-hackers live. The Web is the one big exception, the huge shiny hacker toy that even <span class="emphasis"><em>politicians</em></span> admit has changed the world. For this reason alone (and a lot of other good ones as well) you need to learn how to work the Web.<br />
This doesn't just mean learning how to drive a browser (anyone can do that), but learning how to write HTML, the Web's markup language. If you don't know how to program, writing HTML will teach you some mental habits that will help you learn. So build a home page. Try to stick to XHTML, which is a cleaner language than classic HTML. (There are good beginner tutorials on the Web; <a class="ulink" href="http://htmldog.com/" target="_top">here's one</a>.)<br />
But just having a home page isn't anywhere near good enough to make you a hacker. The Web is full of home pages. Most of them are pointless, zero-content sludge — very snazzy-looking sludge, mind you, but sludge all the same (for more on this see <a class="ulink" href="http://catb.org/%7Eesr/html-hell.html" target="_top">The HTML Hell Page</a>).<br />
To be worthwhile, your page must have <span class="emphasis"><em>content</em></span> — it must be interesting and/or useful to other hackers. And that brings us to the next topic...</div><div class="sect2" title="4. If you don't have functional English, learn
it."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">4. If you don't have functional English, learn it.</h3></div></div></div>As an American and native English-speaker myself, I have previously been reluctant to suggest this, lest it be taken as a sort of cultural imperialism. But several native speakers of other languages have urged me to point out that English is the working language of the hacker culture and the Internet, and that you will need to know it to function in the hacker community.<br />
Back around 1991 I learned that many hackers who have English as a second language use it in technical discussions even when they share a birth tongue; it was reported to me at the time that English has a richer technical vocabulary than any other language and is therefore simply a better tool for the job. For similar reasons, translations of technical books written in English are often unsatisfactory (when they get done at all).<br />
Linus Torvalds, a Finn, comments his code in English (it apparently never occurred to him to do otherwise). His fluency in English has been an important factor in his ability to recruit a worldwide community of developers for Linux. It's an example worth following.<br />
Being a native English-speaker does not guarantee that you have language skills good enough to function as a hacker. If your writing is semi-literate, ungrammatical, and riddled with misspellings, many hackers (including myself) will tend to ignore you. While sloppy writing does not invariably mean sloppy thinking, we've generally found the correlation to be strong — and we have no use for sloppy thinkers. If you can't yet write competently, learn to.<br />
<div class="mediaobject"><img src="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/faqs/glider.png" /></div></div></div>maxogurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07130445843025537910noreply@blogger.com0